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- 1. understand the main=
idea
and structure of the text ;
- 2. learn some techniqu=
es in
expository writing (definition , quotes , a mixture of facts and
opinions , etc.) ;
- 3. grasp the key langu=
age
points and grammatical structures in the text ;
- 4. conduct a series of
reading , listening , speaking , and writing activities related to t=
he
theme of the unit .
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5
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- Please state out your reason.
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- *You may begin with the
sentences:
- A. If I could a=
fford
a car, I will buy one without hesitation because…….
- B. Even if I co=
uld
afford a car, I may not actually want to drive one because…...=
- *State your viewpoints=
to
the other students in your group.
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- For students:
- The
merits and demerits of cars.
- Some scientists and engineers come up with the idea of a “smart
car”. Let’s have a look at what “smart car” =
is.
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- 1.T=
he
invention of cars
- 2.S=
ome
famous brands of cars.
-
3.Automobile industry.
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-
The first self-propelled car was built by Nicolas Cugnot in 1=
769
which could attain speeds of up to 6 kms/hour. In 1771 he again desi=
gned
another steam-driven engine which ran so fast that it rammed into a
wall, recording the
- world’s f=
irst
accident.
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- Ford Motor
Company
- DaimlerCh=
rysler
(戴姆勒-克莱斯勒=
5289;
- Toyota
- Mercedes-=
Benz
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- General Motors =
(GM) has
steered around competitors to remain the world's #1 maker of cars and
trucks, with brands such as Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Saturn.=
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- Ford Motor Company off=
ers a
wealth of variety to the automotive consumer. Vehicle Brands Ford Lincoln Mercury Mazda <=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Volvo Jaguar
- Land Rover
- Aston Martin
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- Toyota is a world famous brand of cars. The company is in Japan.
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- This brand has stood for more than 100 years. It is a German company=
.
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16
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- 1.Words and Expressions
- (1).Turn sth. into/become a reality
- eg. Working at home a=
nd
communicating with fellow workers via their PCs has become a reality=
for
some.
- (2).lucarative:producing much money;profitable
- eg: Many ex-army offi=
cers
have found lucrative jobs in private security firms.
- (3).Presently: at the present time, now; after a short time; soon
- eg: We presentl=
y have
no planes to expand our business overseas, but that may well change =
in
the future.
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- (4).manufacture: make goods on a large scale using machinery
- Eg: Britain now manufactures approximately  =
; &n=
bsp;
40 percent of Europe’s desktop computers
- 2.Main Idea: New
technology will have a dramatic impact on cars and highways in the 2=
1st
century.
- 3.How to distinguish opinions and factual statements.
- 4.Answer Questions 1and2
- 1) How important wast=
he
automobile industry in the twentieth century?
- 2) What will happen t=
o cars
and roads in the twenty-first century?
-  =
;
Part
II (P4~P9)
- 1.Words and Expressions
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- 5).approximately: fairly correct or accurate but not completely so=
li>
- eg: Approximately $150 million is to be spent on improvements on sch=
ool
buildings.
- 6).eliminate: remove,
esp.sb./sth.that is not wanted or needed;get rid of (eliminate
sth.; eliminate sth. from sth.)
- eg: If you think you m=
ay be
allergic to a food ordrink, eliminate it from your diet.
- 7).vapor: a mass of tiny drops
- eg: Pure steam is a d=
ry and
invisible vapor.
- 8).In the air :in the earth’s atmosphere; uncertint, not yet
decided eg: There is a
peculiar smell in the air.
- 9).Start up: begin or begin working, running, happening, etc;
- eg: Peter looked in h=
is
mirror and started up the engine.
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- 10). alert: warn sb. That there may be danger, trouble, etc. (alert =
sb.;
alert sb. to sth.)
- eg: Why weren’t=
the
police alerted?
- 11). lane: a division of a road, street, or highway wide enough for a
single line of motor vechicles
- eg: The newly-built hi=
ghway
have two lanes for each diretion of travel.
- 12).prototype: the fir=
st
model or design of sth. from which other forms are copied or develop=
ed
- eg: Toyota released its
small-car prototype in 1947.
- 13). monotonous: dull and never changing or varying; constant and
boring
eg: In the 1970s we had a monotonous died of rice and vegetab=
les.
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- 14). hazard: a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage; a danger=
or
risk
- eg: Smog developed in=
to a
major heath hazard by the 20th century
- 15). get/be stuck in(sth.): be unable to move or to be moved
- eg: I was stuck at ho=
me
with flu.
- 16).satellite: an electronic that is sent into space and moves round=
a
planet
- eg: The first
artificial satellite was launched in 1957
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- .
- .
- 17).They make it possible: Pay attention to the structure v+ adj. + =
to
do (see Structure Exercise 2)
- 18).To within about a
hundred feet: double prepositions (see Structure Exercise 1)
- 19).vibrate: (cause sth. to ) move rapidly and continuously backward=
s;
shake
- eg: The whole house
vibrates whenever a heavy truck passes.
- 20).frequency: the rate at which sth. Happens or is repeated, usu
measured over a particular period of time
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- Eg: My computer broke down with increasing frequency.
- 21). Send out: transit (a signal, etc.) by radio waves
- eg: The yacht sent out=
a
distress signal which was picked up by a passing steamer.
- 22). convert: change from one form or use to another (followed by
into/to)
- eg: The singnal will =
be
converted into digital code.
- 23).correlate: have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one
thing affects or depends on another (followed by with/to)
- eg: A mother’s s=
moking
in pregnancy correlates with low birth weight in her baby.
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- 2.Main Idea: With the aid of advanced technology, smart cars will be=
so
designed that they can help eliminate traffic accidents, determine t=
heir
own precise locations and warn of traffic jams.
- 3.Do Text organization Exercise 2.
-  =
;
Part III
(P10~P13)
- 1.Words and Expressions
- 24). application: the action or an instance of putting a theory,
discovery, etc to practical use
- eg: The application of=
the
new invention will bring great profits to the company.
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- 25). Be poised to : be ready to take action at any moment
- eg : It is reported th=
at US
forces are poised to attack Iraq.
- 26).highway:a main road that links towns and cities
- eg: Traffic along major
highways in some cities is monitored by remote cameras, radar, or
sensors in the roadway.
- 27).Mount:fix (sth.) in position for use, display or study; p=
ut
(sth) into place on a support
- eg: Some automobiles w=
ere
designed with a transmission mounted on the rear axle
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- 28).Magnetic:having the properties of a magnet
- eg: Rubber is not magn=
etic.
- 29). Take control of: control
- eg: The new government=
has
take the control of his company.
- 30).bunch:group together (both active and passive)
- eg: The runners were s=
till
bunched together on the track.
- 31).incorporate: make (sth) part of a whole
- eg: His newly publish=
ed
book incorporates his earlier essay.
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- 32). as well as: too eg: She wanted to produce the and play and to
direct it as well.
- 33).decrease: become or make sth. smaller or fewer
- eg: A single solar coo=
ker
can save a ton of firewood per year snd decreases carbon dioxide
emissions.
- 34). Pollution:the process of polluting or the state of being
polluted eg: One=
of
the greatest challenges caused by air pollution is global warming.=
li>
- 35). expansion: the process of becoming greater in size, extent, or
importance eg: U=
nder
heat the mental undergoes considerable expansion.
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- 2.Main Idea:
- GPS=
and “telematics”
will make it possible to build smart highways, which will benefit us=
in
more than one way.
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-  =
;
What jumps out first at a browser of this text may be those t=
erms
in quotation marks or with capitalized first letters --- “blind
spot” , Global Positioning System , “atomic clock”=
, “telematics”
and “automated driver” . What do they mean ? How do we f=
ind
out ?
-  =
;
An efficient reader knows . He /She can make a guess based on
knowledge of word-formation or knowledge of the word or the context .
For example , when the reader comes across “Should you make a
serious driving mistake (e.g. , change lanes when there
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- is a car =
in
your ‘blind spot’) the computer would sound an immediate
warning ”, he or she can guess from the context that a blind s=
pot
must be a portion of the road behind a car , which a driver can not
observe from the rear-view mirror .
-  =
;
What is the Global Positioning System ? From the sentence
containing this term (“We already have twenty-four Navstar
satellites orbiting the earth ,making up what is called the Global
Positioning System .”), we know it is a service linked with a
satellite . From the following sentence we know its function (“=
;They
make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within a=
bout
a hundred feet .”)
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-  =
;
What is an atomic clock ? The answer is found in exactly the =
same
sentence . It vibrates at a precise frequency , according to the law=
s of
the quantum theory .
-  =
;
We can guess the meaning of “telematics” from its
word formation . The prefix “tele-” means “distant=
”,
the suffix “-matics” may be the end part of “infor=
matics”
. Then the sentence in the text --- “GPS is actually but part =
of a
larger movement , called ‘telematics’”--- tells us
more about it .
-  =
;
What is an automated driver ? Sentences directly following the
term give a detailed explanation --- “The plan calls for compu=
ters
, aided by thousands of three-inch magnetic spikes
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- buried in=
the
highway , to take complete control of the driving of cars on heavily
trafficked roads . Cars will be bunched into groups of ten to twelve
vehicles , only six feet apart ,traveling in unison ,and controlled =
by
computer .”
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- 1. The automobile industry rank as among the most lucrative and powe=
rful
industries of the twentieth century . (lines 4-5)
- =
5793;:汽车工业是20ߏ=
0;纪最赚钱最有影响力&=
#30340;产业之一.
- as among ,在…之中.(=
0108;重介词---由两个介词=
5645;配而成).
- 如:from under ,from behind ,until after ,in bet=
ween
等.
- 例:Choose a book from among these .
-  =
;
从这些书中挑一Ĉ=
12;.
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- 2. They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to
within about a hundred feet .(lines 43-44).
- =
5793;: 我们有可能以ऴ=
7;于100英尺的误差确定߰=
0;在地球
- 上的方位A=
294;
- 学习“v + it(形式宾=
;语)+
adj.(补语)+ to do (真正=
宾语)”的用法:
- 例:We don’t consider it possible =
to
set back the clock of history .
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